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Elastic Docs ›Elastic Security Solution [master] ›Detections and alerts ›Prebuilt rule reference

Component Object Model Hijacking

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Component Object Model Hijacking

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Identifies Component Object Model (COM) hijacking via registry modification. Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by hijacked references to COM objects.

Rule type: eql

Rule indices:

  • logs-endpoint.events.*

Severity: medium

Risk score: 47

Runs every: 5 minutes

Searches indices from: now-9m (Date Math format, see also Additional look-back time)

Maximum alerts per execution: 100

References:

Tags:

  • Elastic
  • Host
  • Windows
  • Threat Detection
  • Persistence
  • Investigation Guide

Version: 102 (version history)

Added (Elastic Stack release): 7.11.0

Last modified (Elastic Stack release): 8.6.0

Rule authors: Elastic

Rule license: Elastic License v2

Investigation guide

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## Triage and analysis

### Investigating Component Object Model Hijacking

Adversaries can insert malicious code that can be executed in place of legitimate software through hijacking the COM references and relationships as a means of persistence.

#### Possible investigation steps

- Investigate the process execution chain (parent process tree) for unknown processes. Examine their executable files
for prevalence, whether they are located in expected locations, and if they are signed with valid digital signatures.
- Identify the user account that performed the action and whether it should perform this kind of action.
- Investigate other alerts associated with the user/host during the past 48 hours.
- Assess whether this behavior is prevalent in the environment by looking for similar occurrences across hosts.
- Retrieve the file referenced in the registry and determine if it is malicious:
  - Use a private sandboxed malware analysis system to perform analysis.
    - Observe and collect information about the following activities:
      - Attempts to contact external domains and addresses.
      - File and registry access, modification, and creation activities.
      - Service creation and launch activities.
      - Scheduled task creation.
  - Use the PowerShell Get-FileHash cmdlet to get the files' SHA-256 hash values.
    - Search for the existence and reputation of the hashes in resources like VirusTotal, Hybrid-Analysis, CISCO Talos, Any.run, etc.

### False positive analysis

- Some Microsoft executables will reference the LocalServer32 registry key value for the location of external COM objects.

### Response and remediation

- Initiate the incident response process based on the outcome of the triage.
- Isolate the involved host to prevent further post-compromise behavior.
- If the triage identified malware, search the environment for additional compromised hosts.
  - Implement temporary network rules, procedures, and segmentation to contain the malware.
  - Stop suspicious processes.
  - Immediately block the identified indicators of compromise (IoCs).
  - Inspect the affected systems for additional malware backdoors like reverse shells, reverse proxies, or droppers that
  attackers could use to reinfect the system.
- Remove and block malicious artifacts identified during triage.
- Investigate credential exposure on systems compromised or used by the attacker to ensure all compromised accounts are
identified. Reset passwords for these accounts and other potentially compromised credentials, such as email, business
systems, and web services.
- Run a full antimalware scan. This may reveal additional artifacts left in the system, persistence mechanisms, and
malware components.
- Determine the initial vector abused by the attacker and take action to prevent reinfection through the same vector.
- Using the incident response data, update logging and audit policies to improve the mean time to detect (MTTD) and the
mean time to respond (MTTR).

Rule query

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registry where /* not necessary but good for filtering privileged
installations */ user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY" and ( (registry.path
: "HK*\\InprocServer32\\" and registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll",
"C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not registry.path :
"*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or /* in general COM
Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and worth alerting */
(registry.path : ("HKEY_USERS\\*\\InprocServer32\\*",
"HKEY_USERS\\*\\LocalServer32\\*",
"HKEY_USERS\\*\\DelegateExecute\\*",
"HKEY_USERS\\*\\TreatAs\\*",
"HKEY_USERS\\*\\ScriptletURL\\*") and not (process.executable :
"?:\\Program Files*\\Veeam\\Backup and
Replication\\Console\\veeam.backup.shell.exe" and registry.path
: "HKEY_USERS\\S-1-*_Classes\\CLSID\\*\\LocalServer32\\")) or
(registry.path : "HKLM\\*\\InProcServer32\\*" and
registry.data.strings : ("*\\Users\\*", "*\\ProgramData\\*")) ) and
/* removes false-positives generated by OneDrive and Teams */ not
process.name :
("OneDrive.exe","OneDriveSetup.exe","FileSyncConfig.exe","Teams.exe")
and /* Teams DLL loaded by regsvr */ not (process.name:
"regsvr32.exe" and registry.data.strings : "*Microsoft.Teams.*.dll")

Threat mapping

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Framework: MITRE ATT&CKTM

Rule version history

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Version 102 (8.6.0 release)

  • Updated query, changed from:

    registry where (registry.path : "HK*}\\InprocServer32\\" and
registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll", "C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not
registry.path : "*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or
/* in general COM Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and
worth alerting */ (registry.path :
("HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\InprocServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\LocalServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\DelegateExecute\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\TreatAs\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\CLSID\\*\\ScriptletURL\\") and not
(process.executable : "?:\\Program Files*\\Veeam\\Backup and
Replication\\Console\\veeam.backup.shell.exe" and registry.path
: "HKEY_USERS\\S-1-5-21-*_Classes\\CLSID\\*\\LocalServer32\\") and /*
not necessary but good for filtering privileged installations */
user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY" ) and /* removes false-positives
generated by OneDrive and Teams */ not process.name :
("OneDrive.exe","OneDriveSetup.exe","FileSyncConfig.exe","Teams.exe")
and /* Teams DLL loaded by regsvr */ not (process.name:
"regsvr32.exe" and registry.data.strings : "*Microsoft.Teams.*.dll")
Version 101 (8.5.0 release)
  • Formatting only
Version 9 (8.4.0 release)

  • Updated query, changed from:

    registry where (registry.path : "HK*}\\InprocServer32\\" and
registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll", "C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not
registry.path : "*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or
/* in general COM Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and
worth alerting */ (registry.path :
("HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\InprocServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\LocalServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\DelegateExecute\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\TreatAs\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\CLSID\\*\\ScriptletURL\\") and not
(process.executable : "?:\\Program Files*\\Veeam\\Backup and
Replication\\Console\\veeam.backup.shell.exe" and registry.path
: "HKEY_USERS\\S-1-5-21-*_Classes\\CLSID\\*\\LocalServer32\\") and /*
not necessary but good for filtering privileged installations */
user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY" ) and /* removes false-positives
generated by OneDrive and Teams */ not process.name :
("OneDrive.exe","OneDriveSetup.exe","FileSyncConfig.exe","Teams.exe")
and /* Teams DLL loaded by regsvr */ not (process.name:
"regsvr32.exe" and registry.data.strings : "*Microsoft.Teams.*.dll")
Version 7 (8.3.0 release)

  • Updated query, changed from:

    registry where /* uncomment once length is stable
length(bytes_written_string) > 0 and */ (registry.path :
"HK*}\\InprocServer32\\" and registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll",
"C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not registry.path :
"*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or /* in general
COM Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and worth alerting */
(registry.path : ("HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\InprocServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\LocalServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\DelegateExecute\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\TreatAs\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\CLSID\\*\\ScriptletURL\\") and not
(process.executable : "?:\\Program Files*\\Veeam\\Backup and
Replication\\Console\\veeam.backup.shell.exe" and registry.path
: "HKEY_USERS\\S-1-5-21-*_Classes\\CLSID\\*\\LocalServer32\\") and /*
not necessary but good for filtering privileged installations */
user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY")
Version 6 (8.1.0 release)
  • Formatting only
Version 5 (8.0.0 release)

  • Updated query, changed from:

    registry where /* uncomment once length is stable
length(bytes_written_string) > 0 and */ (registry.path :
"HK*}\\InprocServer32\\" and registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll",
"C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not registry.path :
"*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or /* in general
COM Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and worth alerting */
(registry.path : ("HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\InprocServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\LocalServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\DelegateExecute\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\TreatAs\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\CLSID\\*\\ScriptletURL\\") and /* not
necessary but good for filtering privileged installations */
user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY")
Version 4 (7.14.0 release)

  • Updated query, changed from:

    registry where /* uncomment once length is stable
length(bytes_written_string) > 0 and */ (registry.path :
"HK*}\\InprocServer32\\" and registry.data.strings: ("scrobj.dll",
"C:\\*\\scrobj.dll") and not registry.path :
"*\\{06290BD*-48AA-11D2-8432-006008C3FBFC}\\*") or /* in general
COM Registry changes on Users Hive is less noisy and worth alerting */
(registry.path : ("HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\InprocXServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\LocalServer32\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\DelegateExecute\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\*\\TreatAs\\",
"HKEY_USERS\\*Classes\\CLSID\\*\\ScriptletURL\\") and /* not
necessary but good for filtering privileged installations */
user.domain != "NT AUTHORITY")
Version 3 (7.12.0 release)
  • Formatting only
Version 2 (7.11.2 release)
  • Formatting only
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