- Elasticsearch Guide: other versions:
- What is Elasticsearch?
- What’s new in 7.8
- Getting started with Elasticsearch
- Set up Elasticsearch
- Installing Elasticsearch
- Configuring Elasticsearch
- Setting JVM options
- Secure settings
- Auditing settings
- Circuit breaker settings
- Cluster-level shard allocation and routing settings
- Cross-cluster replication settings
- Discovery and cluster formation settings
- Field data cache settings
- HTTP
- Index lifecycle management settings
- Index management settings
- Index recovery settings
- Indexing buffer settings
- License settings
- Local gateway settings
- Logging configuration
- Machine learning settings
- Monitoring settings
- Node
- Network settings
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- Snapshot lifecycle management settings
- Transforms settings
- Transport
- Thread pools
- Watcher settings
- Important Elasticsearch configuration
- Important System Configuration
- Bootstrap Checks
- Heap size check
- File descriptor check
- Memory lock check
- Maximum number of threads check
- Max file size check
- Maximum size virtual memory check
- Maximum map count check
- Client JVM check
- Use serial collector check
- System call filter check
- OnError and OnOutOfMemoryError checks
- Early-access check
- G1GC check
- All permission check
- Discovery configuration check
- Bootstrap Checks for X-Pack
- Starting Elasticsearch
- Stopping Elasticsearch
- Discovery and cluster formation
- Add and remove nodes in your cluster
- Full-cluster restart and rolling restart
- Remote clusters
- Set up X-Pack
- Configuring X-Pack Java Clients
- Plugins
- Upgrade Elasticsearch
- Index templates
- Search your data
- Query DSL
- SQL access
- Overview
- Getting Started with SQL
- Conventions and Terminology
- Security
- SQL REST API
- SQL Translate API
- SQL CLI
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- SQL Language
- Functions and Operators
- Comparison Operators
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- Cast Operators
- LIKE and RLIKE Operators
- Aggregate Functions
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- Date/Time and Interval Functions and Operators
- Full-Text Search Functions
- Mathematical Functions
- String Functions
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geo Functions
- Conditional Functions And Expressions
- System Functions
- Reserved keywords
- SQL Limitations
- Aggregations
- Metrics Aggregations
- Avg Aggregation
- Weighted Avg Aggregation
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- Extended Stats Aggregation
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- Max Aggregation
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- Percentile Ranks Aggregation
- Scripted Metric Aggregation
- String Stats Aggregation
- Sum Aggregation
- Top Hits Aggregation
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- Value Count Aggregation
- T-Test Aggregation
- Bucket Aggregations
- Adjacency Matrix Aggregation
- Auto-interval Date Histogram Aggregation
- Children Aggregation
- Composite aggregation
- Date histogram aggregation
- Date Range Aggregation
- Diversified Sampler Aggregation
- Filter Aggregation
- Filters Aggregation
- Geo Distance Aggregation
- GeoHash grid Aggregation
- GeoTile Grid Aggregation
- Global Aggregation
- Histogram Aggregation
- IP Range Aggregation
- Missing Aggregation
- Nested Aggregation
- Parent Aggregation
- Range Aggregation
- Rare Terms Aggregation
- Reverse nested Aggregation
- Sampler Aggregation
- Significant Terms Aggregation
- Significant Text Aggregation
- Terms Aggregation
- Subtleties of bucketing range fields
- Pipeline Aggregations
- Bucket Script Aggregation
- Bucket Selector Aggregation
- Bucket Sort Aggregation
- Avg Bucket Aggregation
- Max Bucket Aggregation
- Min Bucket Aggregation
- Sum Bucket Aggregation
- Cumulative Cardinality Aggregation
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- Percentiles Bucket Aggregation
- Moving Average Aggregation
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- Serial Differencing Aggregation
- Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Matrix Aggregations
- Caching heavy aggregations
- Returning only aggregation results
- Aggregation Metadata
- Returning the type of the aggregation
- Indexing aggregation results with transforms
- Metrics Aggregations
- Scripting
- Mapping
- Text analysis
- Overview
- Concepts
- Configure text analysis
- Built-in analyzer reference
- Tokenizer reference
- Token filter reference
- Apostrophe
- ASCII folding
- CJK bigram
- CJK width
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- Conditional
- Decimal digit
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- Dictionary decompounder
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- Hyphenation decompounder
- Keep types
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- Keyword repeat
- KStem
- Length
- Limit token count
- Lowercase
- MinHash
- Multiplexer
- N-gram
- Normalization
- Pattern capture
- Pattern replace
- Phonetic
- Porter stem
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- Remove duplicates
- Reverse
- Shingle
- Snowball
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- Stemmer override
- Stop
- Synonym
- Synonym graph
- Trim
- Truncate
- Unique
- Uppercase
- Word delimiter
- Word delimiter graph
- Character filters reference
- Normalizers
- Index modules
- Ingest node
- ILM: Manage the index lifecycle
- Monitor a cluster
- Frozen indices
- Roll up or transform your data
- Set up a cluster for high availability
- Snapshot and restore
- Secure a cluster
- Overview
- Configuring security
- User authentication
- Built-in users
- Internal users
- Token-based authentication services
- Realms
- Realm chains
- Active Directory user authentication
- File-based user authentication
- LDAP user authentication
- Native user authentication
- OpenID Connect authentication
- PKI user authentication
- SAML authentication
- Kerberos authentication
- Integrating with other authentication systems
- Enabling anonymous access
- Controlling the user cache
- Configuring SAML single-sign-on on the Elastic Stack
- Configuring single sign-on to the Elastic Stack using OpenID Connect
- User authorization
- Built-in roles
- Defining roles
- Granting access to Stack Management features
- Security privileges
- Document level security
- Field level security
- Granting privileges for indices and aliases
- Mapping users and groups to roles
- Setting up field and document level security
- Submitting requests on behalf of other users
- Configuring authorization delegation
- Customizing roles and authorization
- Enabling audit logging
- Encrypting communications
- Restricting connections with IP filtering
- Cross cluster search, clients, and integrations
- Tutorial: Getting started with security
- Tutorial: Encrypting communications
- Troubleshooting
- Some settings are not returned via the nodes settings API
- Authorization exceptions
- Users command fails due to extra arguments
- Users are frequently locked out of Active Directory
- Certificate verification fails for curl on Mac
- SSLHandshakeException causes connections to fail
- Common SSL/TLS exceptions
- Common Kerberos exceptions
- Common SAML issues
- Internal Server Error in Kibana
- Setup-passwords command fails due to connection failure
- Failures due to relocation of the configuration files
- Limitations
- Alerting on cluster and index events
- Command line tools
- How To
- Glossary of terms
- REST APIs
- API conventions
- cat APIs
- cat aliases
- cat allocation
- cat anomaly detectors
- cat count
- cat data frame analytics
- cat datafeeds
- cat fielddata
- cat health
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- cat plugins
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- Cluster APIs
- Cluster allocation explain
- Cluster get settings
- Cluster health
- Cluster reroute
- Cluster state
- Cluster stats
- Cluster update settings
- Nodes feature usage
- Nodes hot threads
- Nodes info
- Nodes reload secure settings
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- Remote cluster info
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- Voting configuration exclusions
- Cross-cluster replication APIs
- Document APIs
- Enrich APIs
- Explore API
- Index APIs
- Add index alias
- Analyze
- Clear cache
- Clone index
- Close index
- Create index
- Delete index
- Delete index alias
- Delete component template
- Delete index template
- Flush
- Force merge
- Freeze index
- Get component template
- Get field mapping
- Get index
- Get index alias
- Get index settings
- Get index template
- Get index template (legacy)
- Get mapping
- Index alias exists
- Index exists
- Index recovery
- Index segments
- Index shard stores
- Index stats
- Index template exists
- Open index
- Put index template
- Put index template (legacy)
- Put component template
- Put mapping
- Refresh
- Rollover index
- Shrink index
- Split index
- Synced flush
- Type exists
- Unfreeze index
- Update index alias
- Update index settings
- Index lifecycle management API
- Ingest APIs
- Info API
- Licensing APIs
- Machine learning anomaly detection APIs
- Add events to calendar
- Add jobs to calendar
- Close jobs
- Create jobs
- Create calendar
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- Create filter
- Delete calendar
- Delete datafeeds
- Delete events from calendar
- Delete filter
- Delete forecast
- Delete jobs
- Delete jobs from calendar
- Delete model snapshots
- Delete expired data
- Estimate model memory
- Find file structure
- Flush jobs
- Forecast jobs
- Get buckets
- Get calendars
- Get categories
- Get datafeeds
- Get datafeed statistics
- Get influencers
- Get jobs
- Get job statistics
- Get machine learning info
- Get model snapshots
- Get overall buckets
- Get scheduled events
- Get filters
- Get records
- Open jobs
- Post data to jobs
- Preview datafeeds
- Revert model snapshots
- Set upgrade mode
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- Stop datafeeds
- Update datafeeds
- Update filter
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- Update model snapshots
- Machine learning data frame analytics APIs
- Create data frame analytics jobs
- Create inference trained model
- Delete data frame analytics jobs
- Delete inference trained model
- Evaluate data frame analytics
- Explain data frame analytics API
- Get data frame analytics jobs
- Get data frame analytics jobs stats
- Get inference trained model
- Get inference trained model stats
- Start data frame analytics jobs
- Stop data frame analytics jobs
- Migration APIs
- Reload search analyzers
- Rollup APIs
- Search APIs
- Security APIs
- Authenticate
- Change passwords
- Clear cache
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- Delete roles
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- Get API key information
- Get application privileges
- Get builtin privileges
- Get role mappings
- Get roles
- Get token
- Get users
- Has privileges
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- Invalidate token
- OpenID Connect Prepare Authentication API
- OpenID Connect authenticate API
- OpenID Connect logout API
- SAML prepare authentication API
- SAML authenticate API
- SAML logout API
- SAML invalidate API
- SSL certificate
- Snapshot and restore APIs
- Snapshot lifecycle management API
- Transform APIs
- Usage API
- Watcher APIs
- Definitions
- Breaking changes
- Release notes
- Elasticsearch version 7.8.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.8.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.7.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.7.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.6.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.5.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.4.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.2
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.3.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.2.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.2.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.1.1
- Elasticsearch version 7.1.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-rc2
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-rc1
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-beta1
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-alpha2
- Elasticsearch version 7.0.0-alpha1
Get API
editGet API
editRetrieves the specified JSON document from an index.
GET my-index-000001/_doc/0
Request
editGET <index>/_doc/<_id>
HEAD <index>/_doc/<_id>
GET <index>/_source/<_id>
HEAD <index>/_source/<_id>
Description
editYou use GET to retrieve a document and its source or stored fields from a
particular index. Use HEAD to verify that a document exists. You can
use the _source
resource retrieve just the document source or verify
that it exists.
Realtime
editBy default, the get API is realtime, and is not affected by the refresh
rate of the index (when data will become visible for search). In case where
stored fields are requested (see stored_fields
parameter) and the document
has been updated but is not yet refreshed, the get API will have to parse
and analyze the source to extract the stored fields. In order to disable
realtime GET, the realtime
parameter can be set to false
.
Source filtering
editBy default, the get operation returns the contents of the _source
field unless
you have used the stored_fields
parameter or if the _source
field is disabled.
You can turn off _source
retrieval by using the _source
parameter:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/0?_source=false
If you only need one or two fields from the _source
, use the _source_includes
or _source_excludes
parameters to include or filter out particular fields.
This can be especially helpful with large documents where partial retrieval can
save on network overhead. Both parameters take a comma separated list
of fields or wildcard expressions. Example:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/0?_source_includes=*.id&_source_excludes=entities
If you only want to specify includes, you can use a shorter notation:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/0?_source=*.id
Routing
editIf routing is used during indexing, the routing value also needs to be specified to retrieve a document. For example:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/2?routing=user1
This request gets the document with id 2
, but it is routed based on the
user. The document is not fetched if the correct routing is not specified.
Preference
editControls a preference
of which shard replicas to execute the get
request on. By default, the operation is randomized between the shard
replicas.
The preference
can be set to:
-
_local
- The operation will prefer to be executed on a local allocated shard if possible.
- Custom (string) value
- A custom value will be used to guarantee that the same shards will be used for the same custom value. This can help with "jumping values" when hitting different shards in different refresh states. A sample value can be something like the web session id, or the user name.
Refresh
editThe refresh
parameter can be set to true
in order to refresh the
relevant shard before the get operation and make it searchable. Setting
it to true
should be done after careful thought and verification that
this does not cause a heavy load on the system (and slows down
indexing).
Distributed
editThe get operation gets hashed into a specific shard id. It then gets redirected to one of the replicas within that shard id and returns the result. The replicas are the primary shard and its replicas within that shard id group. This means that the more replicas we have, the better GET scaling we will have.
Versioning support
editYou can use the version
parameter to retrieve the document only if
its current version is equal to the specified one.
Internally, Elasticsearch has marked the old document as deleted and added an entirely new document. The old version of the document doesn’t disappear immediately, although you won’t be able to access it. Elasticsearch cleans up deleted documents in the background as you continue to index more data.
Path parameters
edit-
<index>
- (Required, string) Name of the index that contains the document.
-
<_id>
- (Required, string) Unique identifier of the document.
Query parameters
edit-
preference
- (Optional, string) Specifies the node or shard the operation should be performed on. Random by default.
-
realtime
-
(Optional, boolean) If
true
, the request is real-time as opposed to near-real-time. Defaults totrue
. See Realtime. -
refresh
-
(Optional, Boolean) If
true
, the request refreshes the relevant shard before retrieving the document. Defaults tofalse
. -
routing
- (Optional, string) Target the specified primary shard.
-
stored_fields
-
(Optional, boolean) If
true
, retrieves the document fields stored in the index rather than the document_source
. Defaults tofalse
. -
_source
-
(Optional, string) True or false to return the
_source
field or not, or a list of fields to return. -
_source_excludes
-
(Optional, string) A comma-separated list of source fields to exclude from the response.
You can also use this parameter to exclude fields from the subset specified in
_source_includes
query parameter.If the
_source
parameter isfalse
, this parameter is ignored. -
_source_includes
-
(Optional, string) A comma-separated list of source fields to include in the response.
If this parameter is specified, only these source fields are returned. You can exclude fields from this subset using the
_source_excludes
query parameter.If the
_source
parameter isfalse
, this parameter is ignored. -
version
- (Optional, integer) Explicit version number for concurrency control. The specified version must match the current version of the document for the request to succeed.
-
version_type
-
(Optional, enum) Specific version type:
internal
,external
,external_gte
.
Response body
edit-
_index
- The name of the index the document belongs to.
-
_type
-
The document type. Elasticsearch indices now support a single document type,
_doc
. -
_id
- The unique identifier for the document.
-
_version
- The document version. Incremented each time the document is updated.
-
_seq_no
- The sequence number assigned to the document for the indexing operation. Sequence numbers are used to ensure an older version of a document doesn’t overwrite a newer version. See Optimistic concurrency control.
-
_primary_term
- The primary term assigned to the document for the indexing operation. See Optimistic concurrency control.
-
found
-
Indicates whether the document exists:
true
orfalse
. -
_routing
- The explicit routing, if set.
- _source
-
If
found
istrue
, contains the document data formatted in JSON. Excluded if the_source
parameter is set tofalse
or thestored_fields
parameter is set totrue
. - _fields
-
If the
stored_fields
parameter is set totrue
andfound
istrue
, contains the document fields stored in the index.
Examples
editRetrieve the JSON document with the _id
0 from the my-index-000001
index:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/0
The API returns the following result:
{ "_index": "my-index-000001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "0", "_version": 1, "_seq_no": 0, "_primary_term": 1, "found": true, "_source": { "@timestamp": "2099-11-15T14:12:12", "http": { "request": { "method": "get" }, "response": { "status_code": 200, "bytes": 1070000 }, "version": "1.1" }, "source": { "ip": "127.0.0.1" }, "message": "GET /search HTTP/1.1 200 1070000", "user": { "id": "kimchy" } } }
Check to see if a document with the _id
0 exists:
HEAD my-index-000001/_doc/0
Elasticsearch returns a status code of 200 - OK
if the document exists, or
404 - Not Found
if it doesn’t.
Get the source field only
editUse the <index>/_source/<id>
resource to get
just the _source
field of a document. For example:
GET my-index-000001/_source/1
You can use the source filtering parameters to control which parts of the
_source
are returned:
GET my-index-000001/_source/1/?_source_includes=*.id&_source_excludes=entities
You can use HEAD with the _source
endpoint to efficiently
test whether or not the document _source exists. A document’s source is not
available if it is disabled in the mapping.
HEAD my-index-000001/_source/1
Get stored fields
editUse the stored_fields
parameter to specify the set of stored fields you want
to retrieve. Any requested fields that are not stored are ignored.
Consider for instance the following mapping:
PUT my-index-000001 { "mappings": { "properties": { "counter": { "type": "integer", "store": false }, "tags": { "type": "keyword", "store": true } } } }
Now we can add a document:
PUT my-index-000001/_doc/1 { "counter": 1, "tags": [ "production" ] }
And then try to retrieve it:
GET my-index-000001/_doc/1?stored_fields=tags,counter
The API returns the following result:
{ "_index": "my-index-000001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "1", "_version": 1, "_seq_no" : 22, "_primary_term" : 1, "found": true, "fields": { "tags": [ "production" ] } }
Field values fetched from the document itself are always returned as an array.
Since the counter
field is not stored, the get request ignores it.
You can also retrieve metadata fields like the _routing
field:
PUT my-index-000001/_doc/2?routing=user1 { "counter" : 1, "tags" : ["env2"] }
GET my-index-000001/_doc/2?routing=user1&stored_fields=tags,counter
The API returns the following result:
{ "_index": "my-index-000001", "_type": "_doc", "_id": "2", "_version": 1, "_seq_no" : 13, "_primary_term" : 1, "_routing": "user1", "found": true, "fields": { "tags": [ "env2" ] } }
Only leaf fields can be retrieved with the stored_field
option. Object fields
can’t be returned—if specified, the request fails.
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