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format

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`format`

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In JSON documents, dates are represented as strings. Elasticsearch uses a set of preconfigured formats to recognize and parse these strings into a long value representing milliseconds-since-the-epoch in UTC.

Besides the built-in formats, your own custom formats can be specified using the familiar yyyy/MM/dd syntax:

PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "my_type": {
      "properties": {
        "date": {
          "type":   "date",
          "format": "yyyy-MM-dd"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Many APIs which support date values also support date math expressions, such as now-1m/d — the current time, minus one month, rounded down to the nearest day.

The format setting can be updated on existing fields using the PUT mapping API.

Custom date formats

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Completely customizable date formats are supported. The syntax for these is explained in the Joda docs.

Built In Formats

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Most of the below dates have a strict companion dates, which means, that year, month and day parts of the week must have prepending zeros in order to be valid. This means, that a date like 5/11/1 would not be valid, but you would need to specify the full date, which would be 2005/11/01 in this example. So instead of date_optional_time you would need to specify strict_date_optional_time.

The following tables lists all the defaults ISO formats supported:

epoch_millis: A formatter for the number of milliseconds since the epoch. Note, that this timestamp is subject to the limits of a Java Long.MIN_VALUE and Long.MAX_VALUE.
epoch_second: A formatter for the number of seconds since the epoch. Note, that this timestamp is subject to the limits of a Java Long.MIN_VALUE and Long. MAX_VALUE divided by 1000 (the number of milliseconds in a second).
date_optional_time or strict_date_optional_time: A generic ISO datetime parser where the date is mandatory and the time is optional. Full details here.
basic_date: A basic formatter for a full date as four digit year, two digit month of year, and two digit day of month: yyyyMMdd.
basic_date_time: A basic formatter that combines a basic date and time, separated by a T: yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss.SSSZ.
basic_date_time_no_millis: A basic formatter that combines a basic date and time without millis, separated by a T: yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmssZ.
basic_ordinal_date: A formatter for a full ordinal date, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyyDDD.
basic_ordinal_date_time: A formatter for a full ordinal date and time, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyyDDD'T'HHmmss.SSSZ.
basic_ordinal_date_time_no_millis: A formatter for a full ordinal date and time without millis, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyyDDD'T'HHmmssZ.
basic_time: A basic formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, three digit millis, and time zone offset: HHmmss.SSSZ.
basic_time_no_millis: A basic formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and time zone offset: HHmmssZ.
basic_t_time: A basic formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, three digit millis, and time zone off set prefixed by T: 'T'HHmmss.SSSZ.
basic_t_time_no_millis: A basic formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and time zone offset prefixed by T: 'T'HHmmssZ.
basic_week_date or strict_basic_week_date: A basic formatter for a full date as four digit weekyear, two digit week of weekyear, and one digit day of week: xxxx'W'wwe.
basic_week_date_time or strict_basic_week_date_time: A basic formatter that combines a basic weekyear date and time, separated by a T: xxxx'W'wwe'T'HHmmss.SSSZ.
basic_week_date_time_no_millis or strict_basic_week_date_time_no_millis: A basic formatter that combines a basic weekyear date and time without millis, separated by a T: xxxx'W'wwe'T'HHmmssZ.
date or strict_date: A formatter for a full date as four digit year, two digit month of year, and two digit day of month: yyyy-MM-dd.
date_hour or strict_date_hour: A formatter that combines a full date and two digit hour of day: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH.
date_hour_minute or strict_date_hour_minute: A formatter that combines a full date, two digit hour of day, and two digit minute of hour: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm.
date_hour_minute_second or strict_date_hour_minute_second: A formatter that combines a full date, two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, and two digit second of minute: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.
date_hour_minute_second_fraction or strict_date_hour_minute_second_fraction: A formatter that combines a full date, two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and three digit fraction of second: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS.
date_hour_minute_second_millis or strict_date_hour_minute_second_millis: A formatter that combines a full date, two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and three digit fraction of second: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS.
date_time or strict_date_time: A formatter that combines a full date and time, separated by a T: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
date_time_no_millis or strict_date_time_no_millis: A formatter that combines a full date and time without millis, separated by a T: yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZ.
hour or strict_hour: A formatter for a two digit hour of day: HH
hour_minute or strict_hour_minute: A formatter for a two digit hour of day and two digit minute of hour: HH:mm.
hour_minute_second or strict_hour_minute_second: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, and two digit second of minute: HH:mm:ss.
hour_minute_second_fraction or strict_hour_minute_second_fraction: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and three digit fraction of second: HH:mm:ss.SSS.
hour_minute_second_millis or strict_hour_minute_second_millis: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and three digit fraction of second: HH:mm:ss.SSS.
ordinal_date or strict_ordinal_date: A formatter for a full ordinal date, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyy-DDD.
ordinal_date_time or strict_ordinal_date_time: A formatter for a full ordinal date and time, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyy-DDD'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
ordinal_date_time_no_millis or strict_ordinal_date_time_no_millis: A formatter for a full ordinal date and time without millis, using a four digit year and three digit dayOfYear: yyyy-DDD'T'HH:mm:ssZZ.
time or strict_time: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, three digit fraction of second, and time zone offset: HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
time_no_millis or strict_time_no_millis: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and time zone offset: HH:mm:ssZZ.
t_time or strict_t_time: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, three digit fraction of second, and time zone offset prefixed by T: 'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
t_time_no_millis or strict_t_time_no_millis: A formatter for a two digit hour of day, two digit minute of hour, two digit second of minute, and time zone offset prefixed by T: 'T'HH:mm:ssZZ.
week_date or strict_week_date: A formatter for a full date as four digit weekyear, two digit week of weekyear, and one digit day of week: xxxx-'W'ww-e.
week_date_time or strict_week_date_time: A formatter that combines a full weekyear date and time, separated by a T: xxxx-'W'ww-e'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ.
week_date_time_no_millis or strict_week_date_time_no_millis: A formatter that combines a full weekyear date and time without millis, separated by a T: xxxx-'W'ww-e'T'HH:mm:ssZZ.
weekyear or strict_weekyear: A formatter for a four digit weekyear: xxxx.
weekyear_week or strict_weekyear_week: A formatter for a four digit weekyear and two digit week of weekyear: xxxx-'W'ww.
weekyear_week_day or strict_weekyear_week_day: A formatter for a four digit weekyear, two digit week of weekyear, and one digit day of week: xxxx-'W'ww-e.
year or strict_year: A formatter for a four digit year: yyyy.
year_month or strict_year_month: A formatter for a four digit year and two digit month of year: yyyy-MM.
year_month_day or strict_year_month_day: A formatter for a four digit year, two digit month of year, and two digit day of month: yyyy-MM-dd.

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