Multi Search API

The multi search API allows to execute several search requests within the same API. The endpoint for it is _msearch.

The format of the request is similar to the bulk API format, and the structure is as follows (the structure is specifically optimized to reduce parsing if a specific search ends up redirected to another node):

header\n
body\n
header\n
body\n

The header part includes which index / indices to search on, optional (mapping) types to search on, the search_type, preference, and routing. The body includes the typical search body request (including the query, aggregations, from, size, and so on). Here is an example:

$ cat requests
{"index" : "test"}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}, "from" : 0, "size" : 10}
{"index" : "test", "search_type" : "dfs_query_then_fetch"}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}
{}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}

{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}
{"search_type" : "dfs_query_then_fetch"}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}

$ curl -XGET localhost:9200/_msearch --data-binary "@requests"; echo

Note, the above includes an example of an empty header (can also be just without any content) which is supported as well.

The response returns a responses array, which includes the search response for each search request matching its order in the original multi search request. If there was a complete failure for that specific search request, an object with error message will be returned in place of the actual search response.

The endpoint allows to also search against an index/indices and type/types in the URI itself, in which case it will be used as the default unless explicitly defined otherwise in the header. For example:

$ cat requests
{}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}, "from" : 0, "size" : 10}
{}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}
{"index" : "test2"}
{"query" : {"match_all" : {}}}

$ curl -XGET localhost:9200/test/_msearch --data-binary @requests; echo

The above will execute the search against the test index for all the requests that don’t define an index, and the last one will be executed against the test2 index.

The search_type can be set in a similar manner to globally apply to all search requests.

See URL-based access control