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Elastic Docs ›Java API [1.5]

Bulk API

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Bulk API

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The bulk API allows one to index and delete several documents in a single request. Here is a sample usage:

import static org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory.*;

BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk();

// either use client#prepare, or use Requests# to directly build index/delete requests
bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1")
        .setSource(jsonBuilder()
                    .startObject()
                        .field("user", "kimchy")
                        .field("postDate", new Date())
                        .field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
                    .endObject()
                  )
        );

bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "2")
        .setSource(jsonBuilder()
                    .startObject()
                        .field("user", "kimchy")
                        .field("postDate", new Date())
                        .field("message", "another post")
                    .endObject()
                  )
        );

BulkResponse bulkResponse = bulkRequest.execute().actionGet();
if (bulkResponse.hasFailures()) {
    // process failures by iterating through each bulk response item
}

Using Bulk Processor

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The BulkProcessor class offers a simple interface to flush bulk operations automatically based on the number or size of requests, or after a given period.

To use it, first create a BulkProcessor instance:

import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor;

BulkProcessor bulkProcessor = BulkProcessor.builder(
        client,  
        new BulkProcessor.Listener() {
            @Override
            public void beforeBulk(long executionId,
                                   BulkRequest request) { ... } 

            @Override
            public void afterBulk(long executionId,
                                  BulkRequest request,
                                  BulkResponse response) { ... } 

            @Override
            public void afterBulk(long executionId,
                                  BulkRequest request,
                                  Throwable failure) { ... } 
        })
        .setBulkActions(10000) 
        .setBulkSize(new ByteSizeValue(1, ByteSizeUnit.GB)) 
        .setFlushInterval(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(5)) 
        .setConcurrentRequests(1) 
        .build();

Add your elasticsearch client

This method is called just before bulk is executed. You can for example see the numberOfActions with request.numberOfActions()

This method is called after bulk execution. You can for example check if there was some failing requests with response.hasFailures()

This method is called when the bulk failed and raised a Throwable

We want to execute the bulk every 10 000 requests

We want to flush the bulk every 1gb

We want to flush the bulk every 5 seconds whatever the number of requests

Set the number of concurrent requests. A value of 0 means that only a single request will be allowed to be executed. A value of 1 means 1 concurrent request is allowed to be executed while accumulating new bulk requests.

Then you can simply add your requests to the BulkProcessor:

bulkProcessor.add(new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1").source(/* your doc here */));
bulkProcessor.add(new DeleteRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2"));

By default, BulkProcessor:

  • sets bulkActions to 1000
  • sets bulkSize to 5mb
  • does not set flushInterval
  • sets concurrentRequests to 1

When all documents are loaded to the BulkProcessor it can be closed by using awaitClose or close methods:

bulkProcessor.awaitClose(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

or

bulkProcessor.close();

Both methods flush any remaining documents and disable all other scheduled flushes if they were scheduled by setting flushInterval. If concurrent requests were enabled the awaitClose method waits for up to the specified timeout for all bulk requests to complete then returns true, if the specified waiting time elapses before all bulk requests complete, false is returned. The close method doesn’t wait for any remaining bulk requests to complete and exists immediately.

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