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Elastic Docs ›Elastic Cloud Enterprise Reference [2.9] ›Administering deployments

Traffic Filtering

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Traffic Filtering

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Traffic filtering is one of the security layers available in Elastic Cloud Enterprise. It allows you to limit how your deployments can be accessed. Add another layer of security to your installation and deployments by restricting inbound traffic to only the sources that you trust.

Elastic Cloud Enterprise supports the following traffic sources:

Filtering rules are grouped into rule sets, which in turn are associated with one or more deployments to take effect.

No need to worry about traffic between the instances in your deployment, that traffic is automatically allowed.

Traffic filter operates on the proxy. Requests rejected by the traffic filter are not forwarded to the deployment. The proxy responds to the client with 403 Forbidden.

Before you begin

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  • Make sure your load balancer handles the X-Forwarded-For header appropriately for HTTP requests to prevent IP address spoofing. Make sure the proxy protocol v2 is enabled for HTTP and transport protocols (9243 and 9343).

Terminology

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Traffic filter rule
Specifies traffic originating from an IP address, a CIDR mask, or an AWS VPC endpoint ID.
Traffic filter rule set
A named set of traffic filter rules. It defines allowed traffic sources. Rule sets can be used across multiple deployments. Note that the rules are not in effect until the rule set is associated with a deployment.
Rule set association
One or more rule sets can be associated with a deployment. In such a case, the traffic sources specified in the rule sets are allowed to connect to the deployment. No other traffic source is allowed.

How does it work?

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By default, all your deployments are accessible over the public internet. They are not accessible over unknown PrivateLink connections.

Once you associate at least one traffic filter with a deployment, traffic that does not match any rules (for this deployment) is denied.

This only applies to external traffic. Internal traffic is managed by Elastic Cloud Enterprise. For example, Kibana can connect to Elasticsearch, as well as internal services which manage the deployment. Other deployments can’t connect to deployments protected by traffic filters.

You can assign multiple rule sets to a single deployment. The rule sets can be of different types.

In case of multiple rule sets, traffic can match ANY of them. If none of the rule sets match the request is rejected with 403 Forbidden.

You can mark a rule set as default. It is automatically attached to all new deployments that you create in its region. You can detach default rule sets from deployments after they are created.

A default rule set is not automatically attached to existing deployments.

For more information about creating and editing rule sets and then associating them with your deployments, read more about IP addresses and CIDR masks and AWS Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) over AWS PrivateLink.

Any traffic filter rule set assigned to a deployment overrides the default behavior of allow all access over the public internet endpoint; deny all access over Private Link. The implication is that if you make a mistake putting in the traffic source (e.g. use wrong IP address or VPC Endpoint ID) the deployment will be effectively locked down to any of your traffic. You can use the UI to adjust or remove the rule sets.

Example

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Jane creates a deployment. At this point the deployment is accessible over internet via its public endpoint, e.g. https://fcd41689e9214319b1278325fd6af7cd.us-east-1.aws.found.io. The deployment is protected by username+password authentication, but there’s no additional traffic source filtering.

Jane wants to restrict access to the deployment so that only the traffic originating from Jane’s VPC is allowed.

  • They create a Traffic Filter Private Link Endpoint rule set, thus registering their VPC with Elastic Cloud Enterprise.
  • They associate this rule set with the deployment.
  • At this point, their deployment is only accessible over PrivateLink from Jane’s VPC. This does not affect other security layers, so Jane’s users need to authenticate with username+password.
  • The deployment is no longer accessible over the public internet endpoint.

Later on, Jane wants to allow access to the deployment from Jane’s Office.

  • They create an IP rule set with office IP range give as a CIDR mask, e.g. 199.226.244.0/24.
  • They attach the rule set to the deployment.
  • The deployment is accessible from Jane’s VPC and from Jane’s Office.

Finally, Jane decides to allow anyone to connect to the deployment over the public internet.

  • They create the allow all rule set, with the CIDR mask 0.0.0.0/0.
  • They associate it with Jane’s deployment.
  • Anyone with a valid username+password can now access the deployment.
  • They could remove the Jane’s Office rule set — 199.226.244.0/24. It is a subset of the allow all. They prefer to keep it attached anyways, in case they need to deny access from the public internet in the future.

Troubleshooting

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This section offers suggestions on how to troubleshoot your traffic filters.

Review the rule sets associated with a deployment

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  1. Log into the Cloud UI.

  2. On the deployments page, select your deployment.

    Narrow the list by name, ID, or choose from several other filters. To further define the list, use a combination of filters.

  3. Select the Security tab on the left-hand side menu bar.
  4. Traffic filter rule sets are listed under Traffic filters.

On this screen you can view and remove existing filters and attach new filters.

Identify default rule sets

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To identify which rule sets are automatically applied to new deployments in your account:

  1. From the Platform menu, select Security.
  2. You can see the list of traffic filter rule sets.
  3. Click on each of the rule sets — Include by default is checked when this rule set is automatically applied to all new deployments in its region.

How to view rejected requests

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Requests rejected by traffic filter have status code 403 Forbidden and response body {"ok":false,"message":"Forbidden"}.

Additionally, traffic filter rejections are logged in the proxy logs as status_reason: BLOCKED_BY_IP_FILTER.

Proxy logs also provide client IP in client_ip field and VPC Endpoint ID in link_id field.

Request rejected by the Private Link traffic filter
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To find out why the following request was rejected, you can compare it with deployment traffic filters.

handling_cluster: 74a1d503fc1540979fae9824f541fb5b
status_code: 403
status_reason: BLOCKED_BY_IP_FILTER
client_ip: 192.168.44.10
link_id: vpce-01d06e425924701b
# ...
Show rejected request in the proxy logs

Rejected Private Link requests have the status_reason BLOCKED_BY_IP_FILTER, same as requests rejected by IP traffic filter.

This is a request to cluster 74a1d503fc1540979fae9824f541fb5b. The request was rejected by the traffic filter (403 Forbidden, BLOCKED_BY_IN_FILTER). The local IP address seen by the proxy 192.168.44.10 is likely the IP address of Private Link Service, and the request was sent from Private Link Endpoint with VPC Endpoint ID of vpce-01d06e425924701b.

To allow such a request to come through the traffic filter, you would register a Private Link traffic filter with the source VPC Endpoint ID vpce-01d06e425924701b.

Request rejected by the IP traffic filter
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To find out why the following request was rejected, you can compare it with deployment traffic filters.

handling_cluster: 74a1d503fc1540979fae9824f541fb5b
status_code: 403
status_reason: BLOCKED_BY_IP_FILTER
client_ip: 192.168.255.6
link_id: ""  # no value
# ...
Show rejected request in the proxy logs

In this case, you know that the request is not over Private Link because the link_id is missing.

To allow such a request to come through the traffic filter, you would register an IP traffic filter with the source IP address 192.168.255.6, or a matching CIDR mask, e.g. 192.168.255.0/24.

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